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Metamaterial is an artificially designed material that consists of metal resonator array.  Realization of three-dimensional metamaterials is still difficult, because numerous number of nanometer resonators should be made and embedded in a host medium to form metamaterial.  In this paper, as a bottom-up approach to fabricate three-dimensional metamaterial structure, self-organized assembling of gold nanoparticles using programmable DNA-templating is developed and reported.

metamaterials, plasmonics, self-organization